元素周期表和地壳元素丰度（含量百分比）
2015-09-10 10:49:39 来源：冷聚变世界整理 评论： 点击：
通过元素周期表，我们可以了解每一个元素的基本特性，通过元素在地壳里面的丰度，我们可以了解他们在地球表面的储量。
元素周期表
地壳元素丰度
|
元素
|
化学
符号
|
大陆上地壳
|
大陆中地壳
|
大陆下地壳
|
大陆地壳整体
|
大洋地壳
|
年
产量
|
|
氧
|
O
|
46.60%
|
47.40%
|
46%
|
46.71%
|
46.1%
|
100,000,000 吨
|
|
硅
|
Si
|
27.72%
|
27.71%
|
27%
|
27.69%
|
28.2%
|
3,880,000 吨
|
|
铝
|
Al
|
8.13%
|
8.20%
|
8.2%
|
8.07%
|
8.23%
|
15,000,000 吨
|
|
铁
|
Fe
|
5.00%
|
4.10%
|
6.3%
|
5.05%
|
5.63%
|
716,000,000 吨
|
|
钙
|
Ca
|
3.63%
|
4.10%
|
5.0%
|
3.65%
|
4.15%
|
112,000,000 吨 (CaO)
|
|
钠
|
Na
|
2.83%
|
2.30%
|
2.30%
|
2.75%
|
2.36%
|
200,000 吨
|
|
钾
|
K
|
2.59%
|
2.10%
|
1.50%
|
2.58%
|
2.09%
|
200 吨
|
|
镁
|
Mg
|
2.09%
|
2.30%
|
2.90%
|
2.08%
|
2.33%
|
350,000 吨
|
|
钛
|
Ti
|
0.44%
|
0.56%
|
0.66%
|
0.62%
|
0.56%
|
99,000 吨
|
|
氢
|
H
|
0.14%
|
N/A
|
0.15%
|
0.14%
|
0.14%
|
|
|
磷
|
P
|
0.12%
|
|
1000 ppm
|
1300 ppm
|
1050 ppm
|
153,000,000 吨
|
|
锰
|
Mn
|
0.10%
|
950 ppm
|
1100 ppm
|
900 ppm
|
950 ppm
|
6,220,000 吨
|
|
氟
|
F
|
0.08%
|
950 ppm
|
540 ppm
|
290 ppm
|
585 ppm
|
|
|
钡
|
Ba
|
|
500 ppm
|
340 ppm
|
500 ppm
|
425 ppm
|
6,000,000 吨
|
|
碳
|
C
|
0.03%
|
480 ppm (0.048%)
|
1800 ppm (0.18%)
|
940 ppm
|
200 ppm (0.020%)
|
8,600,000,000 吨
|
|
锶
|
Sr
|
|
370 ppm
|
360 ppm
|
|
370 ppm
|
137,000 吨
|
|
硫
|
S
|
0.05%
|
260 ppm
|
420 ppm
|
520 ppm
|
350 ppm
|
54,000,000 吨
|
|
锆
|
Zr
|
|
190 ppm
|
130 ppm
|
250 ppm
|
165 ppm
|
7,000 吨
|
|
钨
|
W
|
|
160.6 ppm
|
190 ppm
|
|
1.25 ppm (?)
|
45,100 吨
|
|
钒
|
V
|
0.01%
|
160 ppm
|
190 ppm
|
|
120 ppm
|
7,000 吨
|
|
氯
|
Cl
|
0.05%
|
130 ppm
|
170 ppm
|
450 ppm
|
145 ppm
|
|
|
铬
|
Cr
|
0.01%
|
100 ppm
|
140 ppm
|
350 ppm
|
102 ppm
|
4,000,000 吨
|
|
铷
|
Rb
|
0.03%
|
90 ppm
|
60 ppm
|
|
90 ppm
|
只作研究用途
|
|
镍
|
Ni
|
|
80 ppm
|
90 ppm
|
190 ppm
|
84 ppm
|
1,300,000 吨
|
|
锌
|
Zn
|
痕量
|
75 ppm
|
79 ppm
|
|
70 ppm
|
5,020,000 吨
|
|
铜
|
Cu
|
0.01%
|
50 ppm
|
68 ppm
|
|
60 ppm
|
6,450,000 吨
|
|
铈
|
Ce
|
|
68 ppm
|
60 ppm
|
|
66.5 ppm
|
24,000 吨
|
|
钕
|
Nd
|
|
38 ppm
|
33 ppm
|
|
41.5 ppm
|
7,300 吨
|
|
镧
|
La
|
|
32 ppm
|
34 ppm
|
|
39 ppm
|
12,500 吨
|
|
钇
|
Y
|
|
30 ppm
|
29 ppm
|
|
33 ppm
|
400 吨
|
|
氮
|
N
|
0.005%
|
25 ppm
|
20 ppm
|
|
19 ppm
|
44,000,000 吨
|
|
钴
|
Co
|
痕量
|
20 ppm
|
30 ppm
|
|
25 ppm
|
17,000 吨
|
|
锂
|
Li
|
|
20 ppm
|
17 ppm
|
|
20 ppm
|
39,000 吨
|
|
铌
|
Nb
|
|
20 ppm
|
17 ppm
|
|
20 ppm
|
15,000 吨
|
|
镓
|
Ga
|
|
18 ppm
|
19 ppm
|
|
19 ppm
|
30 吨
|
|
钪
|
Sc
|
|
16 ppm
|
26 ppm
|
|
22 ppm
|
0.50 吨
|
|
铅
|
Pb
|
|
14 ppm
|
10 ppm
|
|
14 ppm
|
2,800,000 吨
|
|
钐
|
Sm
|
|
7.9 ppm
|
6 ppm
|
|
7,05 ppm
|
700 吨
|
|
钍
|
Th
|
|
12 ppm
|
6 ppm
|
|
9.6 ppm
|
31,000 吨
|
|
镨
|
Pr
|
|
9.5 ppm
|
8.7 ppm
|
|
9.2 ppm
|
2400 吨
|
|
硼
|
B
|
痕量
|
950 ppm (?)
|
8.7 ppm
|
|
10 ppm
|
1,000,000 吨
|
|
钆
|
Gd
|
|
7.7 ppm
|
5.2 ppm
|
|
6.2 ppm
|
400 吨
|
|
镝
|
Dy
|
|
6 ppm
|
6.2 ppm
|
|
5.2 ppm
|
100 吨
|
|
铪
|
Hf
|
|
5.3 ppm
|
3.3 ppm
|
|
3.0 ppm
|
50 吨
|
|
铒
|
Er
|
|
3.8 ppm
|
3.0 ppm
|
|
3.5 ppm
|
500 吨
|
|
镱
|
Yb
|
|
3.3 ppm
|
2.8 ppm
|
|
3.2 ppm
|
50 吨
|
|
铯
|
Cs
|
|
3 ppm
|
1.9 ppm
|
|
3 ppm
|
20 吨
|
|
铍
|
Be
|
|
2.6 ppm
|
1.9 ppm
|
|
2.8 ppm
|
364 吨
|
|
锡
|
Sn
|
痕量
|
2.2 ppm
|
2.2 ppm
|
|
2.3 ppm
|
165,000 吨
|
|
铕
|
Eu
|
|
2.1 ppm
|
1.8 ppm
|
|
2.0 ppm
|
400 吨
|
|
铀
|
U
|
|
无
|
1.8 ppm
|
|
2.7 ppm
|
|
|
钽
|
Ta
|
|
2 ppm
|
1.7 ppm
|
|
2.0 ppm
|
840 吨
|
|
锗
|
Ge
|
|
1.8 ppm
|
1.4 ppm
|
|
1.5 ppm
|
80 吨
|
|
钼
|
Mo
|
痕量
|
1.5 ppm
|
1.1 ppm
|
|
1.2 ppm
|
80,000 吨
|
|
砷
|
As
|
|
1.5 ppm
|
2.1 ppm
|
|
1.8 ppm
|
47,000 吨
|
|
钬
|
Ho
|
|
1.4 ppm
|
1.2 ppm
|
|
1.3 ppm
|
10 吨
|
|
铽
|
Tb
|
|
1.1 ppm
|
0.94 ppm
|
|
1.2 ppm
|
10 吨
|
|
铥
|
Tm
|
|
0.48 ppm
|
0.45 ppm
|
|
0.52 ppm
|
50 吨
|
|
溴
|
Br
|
|
0.37 ppm
|
3 ppm
|
|
2.4 ppm
|
330,000 吨
|
|
铊
|
Tl
|
|
0.6 ppm
|
0.530 ppm
|
|
0.850 ppm
|
30 吨
|
|
锑
|
Sb
|
|
0.2 ppm
|
0.2 ppm
|
|
0.2 ppm
|
53,000 吨
|
|
碘
|
I
|
痕量
|
0.14 ppm
|
0.490 ppm
|
|
0.450 ppm
|
12,000 吨
|
|
镉
|
Cd
|
|
0.11 ppm
|
0.15 ppm
|
|
0.15 ppm
|
13,900 吨
|
|
银
|
Ag
|
|
0.070 ppm
|
0.080 ppm
|
|
0.075 ppm
|
9950 吨
|
|
汞
|
Hg
|
|
0.05 ppm
|
0.067 ppm
|
|
0.085 ppm
|
8400 吨
|
|
硒
|
Se
|
痕量
|
0.05 ppm
|
0.05 ppm
|
|
0.05 ppm
|
600 吨
|
|
铟
|
In
|
|
0.049 ppm
|
0.160 ppm
|
|
0.250 ppm
|
75 吨
|
|
铋
|
Bi
|
|
0.048 ppm
|
0.025 ppm
|
|
0.0085 ppm
|
6000 吨
|
|
碲
|
Te
|
|
0.005 ppm
|
0.001 ppm
|
|
0.001 ppm
|
215 吨
|
|
铂
|
Pt
|
|
0.003 ppm
|
0.037 ppm
|
|
0.005 ppm
|
30 吨
|
|
金
|
Au
|
|
0.0011 ppm
|
0.0031 ppm
|
|
0.004 ppm
|
1,400 吨
|
|
钌
|
Ru
|
|
0.001 ppm
|
0.001 ppm
|
|
0.001 ppm
|
0.12 吨
|
|
钯
|
Pd
|
|
0.0006 ppm
|
0.0063 ppm
|
|
0.015 ppm
|
24 吨
|
|
铼
|
Re
|
|
0.0004 ppm
|
0.0026 ppm
|
|
0.0007 ppm
|
4.5 吨
|
|
铑
|
Rh
|
|
0.0002 ppm
|
0.0007 ppm
|
|
0.001 ppm
|
3 吨
|
|
锇
|
Os
|
|
0.0001 ppm
|
0.0018 ppm
|
|
0.0015 ppm
|
0.06 吨
|
|
铱
|
Ir
|
|
0.0000003 ppm (?)
|
0.0004 ppm
|
|
0.001 ppm
|
3 吨
|
冷聚变世界
2015年9月10日
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